Translation
This page explains how to translate Minetest, mods and games and how translations are handled and maintained.
Translating Minetest
This section is dedicated for translators.
How to translate
Translations of Minetest are automated using Weblate at here. Register an account, select the Minetest project and start translating.
Translation is a continuous effort and the texts will change almost at every version.
The developers usually will update the translation templates shortly before a new release. If you translate a long time before a release, your translation updates will still be included, but your translation will likely be incomplete because almost every new version comes with new things to translate. Check out the News forum to see if a new release is imminent.
In case you wish to translate a new language, contact a core dev.
Language-specific notes
Here is a list of wiki pages for translating specific languages:
Special strings
In the translations you will find two special strings with a special meaning. They must not be translated literally. They are used internally by Minetest to trigger certain settings. You must enter a special value into the translation field.
needs_fallback_font: Whether this language should use the fallback font or not. The fallback font contains some characters that are required by languages like Chinese. For most Latin-script languages, the fallback font is not needed. Enter “yes” if the fallback font is needed, “no” if not. Please try to test your translation when you enable the fallback font.LANG_CODE: The language code of the language you're translating (e.g. “de” for German).
The Minetest translation system
This section is dedicated to developers.
Overview
Minetest can use the gettext library to translate the texts in Minetest. To enable internationalization support, the game must be built with the -DENABLE_GETTEXT=1 option to cmake, which is enabled by default.
Games and mods are translated using a different method (see below).
Language detection
Minetest detects the current language by inspecting the LANG environment variable. This is not a problem on Unix-based systems (such as GNU/Linux) since the system already defines this variable at login. On Windows platforms, the system language is used.
Available translations
The available translations are found in source form in the po/ directory. The cmake detects them, and they are built as part of the build process.
The main translation file must be updated now and then using the this script (configuration, bottom of the file) and this one (C++ and Lua translations). Submit a PR after running the generator or poke a core dev to update the translations when it's needed.
Maintaining translations
Contributing a new translation
To create a new translation, one must create a directory named after the language code, creating a copy of the po/minetest.pot file as po/LANG/minetest.po, and translating the original english text into your language; then cmake will detect it and make builds the language.
However, it is recomended to contact a core dev to create the .po file for you language and then use weblate to translate.
How to merge translations from Hosted Weblate
Translations should be merged in bulk, and not too often, to not create too large "noise" in the commit log. A good schedule is once per month. Right now, nerzhul manages translations. This section explains the neccessary steps for core devs, in the case nerzhul isn't around. You will need owner access to the hosted repo though, in order to be able to push the "Rebase" button. As of Mar 2017, est31, PilzAdam, ShadowNinja, and nerzhul have such access.
Setting up
Add weblate as remote: git remote add weblate git://git.weblate.org/minetest.git.
Once every translation
Visit Repo maintenance, and lock the repository to prevent changes from users while you are editing.
1. Generate a clean history, without merge commits. Push the "Rebase" button on the repository.
2. Do git remote update weblate. Confirm e.g. with gitk weblate/master that it bases on upstream's master, and only has "Translated using Weblate" as additional commits, no merge commits.
3. As every weblate user can freely edit translations, there can be vandalism. Therefore, check the translation commits, e.g. with help from online translator services like google translate, other core devs, or trusted members from the community. It might be helpful to push the commits to your github clone's branch, then you have commit http links to share. In the case of required changes, let them do it over the weblate interface (after you've unlocked), and start with 1. again. Of course, its up to you to how much you want to follow this rule, as checking changes can be quite time consuming. Feel free to refine your scope e.g. to new and not yet trusted contributors.
4. Reorder the commits from the same author, and squash them. git rebase -i is your friend (especially after you set it up to show the author, see this stackoverflow answer on how to do it). As a good tip, rather do multiple runs of such an interactive rebase where you do small changes each, than one big run which then fails in the middle of the business.
5. Confirm that git diff weblate/master is empty, to make sure that you didn't mess up at step 4. Otherwise use git reflog to find the latest rebase pass that worked, and retry the commits
6. a) (if required/desired) update the settingtypes.txt and the dummy cpp translation file and commit. There are automatic tools for this in the main menu code.
6. b) (if required/desired) Run util/updatepo.sh, and commit. Note that it creates lots of unneccessary changes, and enlarges repository size disproportionately, therefore run it even less often.
7. Push to the github repo
8. reset the weblate remote ("reset" button), rebase it to match now current master, and unlock it.
Translating mods and games
Minetest supports translating mods and games. Games are translated on a per-mod basis, i.e. by translating each mod.
How to translate
First, the mod in question must support the Minetest translation system. If you can find a locale directory within the mod directory, this mod can be translated.
In this directory, you will find:
template.txt(or similar name): Translation template for new languages<CONTEXT>.<LANGUAGE CODE>.tr: Text file containing translations, where<CONTEXT>is an arbitrary identifier (usually the same as the technical mod name) and<LANGUAGE CODE>is the language code. Example: The German translation file for thedefaultmod is called “default.de.tr”.
The *.tr files follow a simple syntax:
- First line: Contains the context name. Must be written in the form “
# textdomain:<CONTEXT>” - Empty lins and other lines that start with “#” are ignored
- All other lines must contain translations of the form
<ENGLISH>=<TRANSLATION>
Just write the translation after the equals sign.
To start a new translation, simply copy the file template.txt and create a *.tr file with the appropriate name.
Special character sequences
Some characters like the equals sign cannot be used directly in the texts. Therefore, you must sometimes use special character sequences.
@@: Will be replaced with@.@=: Will be replaced with=.@n: Newline.@followed by an actual newline: Will be replaced by a newline.@1, ...,@9: A placeholder. Minetest will replace this with an arbitrary text, for example, a word or a number.
How to make a mod or game translatable
Please refer to the official Lua API documentation (lua_api.txt).
Untranslatable texts
Please note: A couple of things in Minetest can not be translated yet: